Table of contents

Deming's 14 Principles

HOMEPAGE

back to The EFQM Excellence Model

go on to: QM nach EN DIN ISO 9000ff

Total Quality Management: DEMING'S 14 POINTS

PRINCIPLE 1 : "Create a constancy of purpose"

• Define the problems of today and the future
• Allocate resources for long-term planning
• Allocate resources for research and education
• Constantly improve design of product and service

PRINCIPLE 2 : "Adopt the new philosophy"

• Quality costs less not more
• Superstitious learning
• The call for major change
• Stop looking at your competition and look at your customer instead

PRINCIPLE 3 : "Cease dependence on inspection"

• Quality does not come from inspection
• Mass inspection is unreliable, costly, and ineffective
• Inspectors fail to agree with each other
• Inspection should be used to collect data for process control

PRINCIPLE 4 : "Do not award business basedon price tag alone"

• Price alone has no meaning
• Change focus from lowest initial cost to lowest total cost
• Work toward a single source and long term relationship
• Establish a mutual confidence and aid between purchaser and vendor

PRINCIPLE 5  : "Improve constantly the system of production and service"

• Quality starts with the intent of management
• Teamwork in design is fundamental
• Forever, continue to reduce waste and continue to improve
• Putting out fires is not improvement of the process

PRINCIPLE 6  : "Institute training"

• Management must provide the setting where workers can be successful
• Management must remove the inhibitors to good work
• Management needs an appreciation of variation
• This is management's new role.

PRINCIPLE 7: "Adopt and institute leadership"

• MBO's
• Work standards
• Meet specifications
• Zero defects
• Appraisal of performance

Replace with leadership
Leaders must:

• Remove barriers to pride of workmanship
• Know the work they supervise
• Know the difference between special and common cause of variation

Principle 8  : "Drive out fear"

• The common denominator of fear
• The fear of knowledge
• Performance appraisals
• Management by fear or numbers

PRINCIPLE 9 : "Break barriers among staff areas"

• Know your internal suppliers and customers
• Promote team work

PRINCIPLE 10: "Eliminate slogans, exhortations,and targets"

• They are directed at the wrong group
• They generate frustration and resentment
• Use posters that explain what management is doing to improve the work environment

PRINCIPLE 11 :"Eliminate numerical quotas"

• They impede quality
• They reduce production
• A person's job becomes meeting a quota

PRINCIPLE 12  : "Remove barriers"

• Performance appraisal systems
• Production rates
• Financial management systems
• Allow people to take pride in their workmanship

PRINCIPLE 13 :"Institute a program of education and  self-improvement"

• Commitment to lifelong employment
• Overtime and education
• Work with higher education of needs
• Develop team building skills in children

PRINCIPLE 14 : "Take action to accomplish thetransformation" Management must:

• Struggle over the fourteen points
• Take pride in the new philosophy
• Include the critical mass of people in the change
• Learn and use the Shewhart cycle

Deming, W. Edwards Out of the Crisis. Massachusetts: Cambridge, 1982.

Table of contents

Deming's 14 Principles

HOMEPAGE

back to The EFQM Excellence Model

go on to: QM nach EN DIN ISO 9000ff